The growth of the tropical high pressure system, which is the main culprit behind the heat dome phenomenon that causes heat waves during the summer.

Arab Weather - Meteorologists at the Arab Weather Regional Center said that the latest outputs from processed numerical models indicate a growing tropical high pressure system will develop over the Arabian Gulf and Africa in the coming period, leading to increased air heating near the Earth's surface, which will impact temperatures.

In detail, the tropical high pressure system is expected to increase its influence on the Gulf and African countries in the coming period, especially Qatar, Bahrain, the UAE, and the Sultanate of Oman. Temperatures will rise in the coming period, reaching forty degrees even in the capitals, including the capital Riyadh. Hot to extremely hot weather will prevail during the daytime, while the weather will become warm to relatively hot at night.

What is a tropical high and how does it contribute to rising temperatures?

A tropical high is a belt of high atmospheric pressure extending horizontally (east-west) around 30 degrees north and south latitude. This pressure is caused by the descent of large air masses in the upper part of the variable atmosphere (troposphere). However, this belt is characterised by its lack of continuity, as it is divided into chambers as a result of the overlap of land and water masses and the difference in surface features. The chambers of subtropical high pressure in both hemispheres form the source of the trade winds and the reverse winds (mid-latitude westerlies).

The tropical high is one of the most prominent causes of heat waves during the summer and is the main fuel for the heat dome phenomenon.

The tropical high is considered one of the most prominent causes of heat waves in the Arab world, especially in the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant, because it is the main fuel for the heat dome phenomenon, which affects the Arab world and the world during the summer. The tropical high contributes to the process of heating the layers of the atmosphere close to the Earth's surface. The subtropical high (high geopotential values) also contributes to the occurrence of what is known as the "heat dome" phenomenon, which can increase the values of sinking air - compressing the air in the lower layers of the atmosphere, causing a rise in temperatures.

And God knows best.